Of all regions in the world, the Caribbean may seem one of the least likely to officially adopt digital currencies, but that is exactly what has been taking place this year. In October 2019, the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union launched a pilot program to turn the EC dollar into an electronic form of cash, which residents of eight island nations can now use through the DXCDCaribe mobile app. Not to be outdone by this technology advancement, the Bahamas has launched its own pilot program to go cashless before the end of 2019.
Project Sand Dollar went live just two days after people across the Bahamas celebrated Christmas with a traditional dinner of baked ham, rice and peas, and potato salad. Central bank officials explained that although there is a blockchain enabling the circulation of the sand dollar, which is pegged to the value of the Bahamian dollar, this is not a true cryptocurrency since it is centralized and does not allow mining.
There are certain initial restrictions in place for Project Sand Dollar. Individuals can only hold $500 sand dollars in their accounts, which are can be managed by means of a mobile app similar to the aforementioned DXCDCaribe. Business entities are limited to holding no more than $1 million, and the sum of monthly transactions may not exceed 1/8 of capital. Central bank officials see the sand dollar as being a natural progression in the sense that residents of the islands are not as enthusiastic about using banks as they used to.
Equal access to the banking system is something that the Bahamas and many other nations have curtailed through the enactment of anti-money laundering and “know your customer” legislation and regulations. In many jurisdictions, it is simply too late to reverse the effects of AML and KYC, which is why initiatives such as Project Sand Dollar are welcome since they can empower individuals who have been left out of the banking system, but who wish to make digital payments and money transfers.
As for the government of the Bahamas, financial regulators actually prefer to see digital payments taking place since they reduce the burden of physical currency controls and management. The goal is to get people used to holding sand dollars and generating quick response (QR) codes on their smartphones when they settle retail POS transactions or pay utility bills. The project will begin on the Exuma island and will later roll out to the Abaco islands. On the day the pilot program started the value of one sand dollar was equal to the United States dollar.
This specific group typically uses the most basic hacking tools combined with the software already present on their victims’ systems. Two-factor authentication is incredibly difficulty to bypass since it uses unique forms of identification. Fox-IT has stated that APT20 found a way, currently unknown, to compromise the 2FA for virtual private networks possibly via vulnerabilities in the the corporate and government enterprise application platform known as JBoss. Essentially, they found a way to bypass the credentials necessary to access their victim’s VPN accounts and the computer systems attached to those networks. APT20 then focused their efforts on locating and hacking additional linked systems that held the credentials necessary for them to find and retrieve additional private data. The attack was designed to help them find higher and higher levels of authentication to access higher and higher levels of information. For example, they targeted password managers/vaults and then used the passwords they found to continue their data search and retrieval. Once they were finished, they did everything possible to delete all footprints of their actions to prevent detection.
Even though online shopping accounted for a little less than 15% of the overall sales volume, it should be noted that the Cyber Monday shopping event continued to grow, particularly in the consumer electronics segment, which experienced a boost of 10.7% on a year-over-yer basis. Specialty apparel was the segment that shoppers expressed greater interest in compared to 2018, but even department stores posted a nice growth of 6.9% despite industry analysts warning that the heyday of American shopping malls is behind us.
According to security reasearcher Bob Diachenko, who discovered the unsecured Elasticsearch dabatase along with Comparitech, it may not have belonged to Facebook, rather a cybercriminal organization.
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